Lingo

Musical Instrument Digital Interface, an industry-standard interface used on electronic musical keyboards and PCs for computer control of musical instruments and devices.

The performing rights held by United States performing rights organizations are non-exclusive, because at the same time that the organizations have the right to license performances of works, the writers and publishers have the right to license them directly to music users. Other rights may also be granted on a non-exclusive basis.

When a work is published (publicly distributed), a notice of copyright should be placed on all copies. Its use is optional, however, and a work that does not carry a copyright notice does not lose any protection. If a notice is used, it should contain three elements: 1. ©, or the word “Copyright,” or the abbreviation “Copr.” 2. The year of first publication. 3. The name of the copyright owner.

The form used to register a copyright with the Copyright Office. PA stands for “Performing Arts.”

A satirical imitation of a literary or musical work. Permission from the owner of the copyright is generally required before commercial exploitation of a parody.

A license agreement available for broadcasters from a performing rights organization such as BMI in lieu of a blanket license. A per-program license bases its fee upon revenues from only those programs using music licensed by that organization.

An association or corporation that licenses the public performance of non-dramatic musical works on behalf of the copyright owners, such as ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC. These performing rights organizations issue licenses to users of publicly performed, non-dramatic music for a fee, and then pay performing rights royalties to the publishers and songwriters of the performed works. There are more than 200 PRO’s throughout the world.

A term used in the Copyright Act to describe the material object in which sounds, other than those on a soundtrack of an audio-visual work, are fixed and from which they can be reproduced. A CD and a cassette tape are both phonorecords.

Unauthorized copying of a record or tape.

Music used in the following printed editions: 1. Sheet Music—Musical compositions printed on unbound sheets of paper containing the music and lyrics for both popular and classical music. 2. Folio—A collection of songs written by various artists, having a common link or theme (love songs, top hits of an era, selections from a Broadway show, etc.). 3. Arrangements for a particular musical instrument (i.e., accordion, banjo, guitar, drums, piano, etc.). 4. Concert Edition—A collection of songs arranged for performance for a group of voices or instruments, commonly available in choral, orchestra, and/or band arrangements.

5. Method Book—An educational or method book containing instructions and exercises for
developing and improving techniques categorized to their level of difficulty.